This presentation provides an overview of research in the speaker's group at the Birck Nanotechnology Center of Purdue University. The seminar covers a variety of areas related to energy transport and conversion, typically involving nanomaterials and was given as part of the speaker's stay as a Visiting Professor at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research in Bangalore, India. The seminar covers six research topics in varying degrees of depth. The first topic involves experiments and modeling of thermal and (to a lesser extent) electrical transport across multi-walled carbon nanotube arrays used as interface materials. Results indicate extremely good thermal performance, and promising electrical behavior. Then, an innovative nanoporous template structure is described and is shown to enable the creation of highly ordered vertical single-walled carbon nanotube arrays. The application of these structures in nanoelectronics and thermal/bio sensing is discussed. Then, an atomistic method based on Green’s functions for phonons and electrons is presented, with specific applications to interfacial heat transfer and thermionic energy conversion. New electron emission experiments on carbon nanotubes and fibers intercalated with alkali metals are discussed in the context of direct thermal-electrical and solar-thermal-electrical power generation. Lastly, efforts in hydrogen storage, particularly with high-pressure metal hydrides, are presented with emphasis on heat transfer issues associated with hydriding and de-hydriding processes. Collectively, the foregoing areas of research comprise the speaker's research program, and the intention of this presentation is to provide an overview such that students, faculty peers, and other interested researchers can gain an understanding and appreciation of the subjects studied and approaches employed.